The deism of Voltaire and Rousseau.

Introduction to ethics, with links to other articles at the IEP.

18th century German philosopher, famous for effective criticism of Kant.

Some of those who have attempted to justify war include Aquinas, Grotius, and Pufendorf.

Theory that law is manufactured according to certain social conventions.

5th century BCE founder of atomism.

Article on the life and work of the influential philosopher.

French scholastic theologian of the 12th century, influenced by Abelard.

19th century German philosopher who criticised the pantheism of Hegel.

Roman poet and advocate of Epicurean philosophy.